Croix defends approach to administering missions in Sonora, arguing that missions and missionaries receive sufficient funds, are not suffering as purported. Contends missionaries should not expect Indians to cultivate land because climate does not support activity, and Indians accustomed to fishing, gathering yerbas y raizes. states that while missionaries have not received everything requested, certainly have not been ignored in manner conveyed by Prestamero (See ff 63-100). Croix cites cedulas, particularly that of 8-5-73, as precedent for present decisions. Criticizes missionaries' punishing of Indians for not attending rosario, Misa y doctrina, for getting drunk, refusing to work en los Bienes de la comunidad que Se llaman temporalidades, and for leaving village sin expresa licencia de Sus padres ministros. fiscal declares Croix has satisfied Prestamero's complaints perfectamente (Oficio summarizes issue, provides some background, folios 121-123.), that law of 8-5-73 not meant to discriminate against Franciscanos, and missionaries should not enforce abovementioned rules so that Indians no imaginen Pesado el suabe yugo de cristianismo. (L. Kerr, April 1989)

Reyes and Ugarte y Loyola submit informes to Galvez noting disastrous condition of missions and towns. Proposal to create Custodia de San Carlos and movement of capital to Ures. Reyes reports having walked to Arispe, seeing 14 mission towns, their churches and houses almost in ruins. Reports that Indians are without respect and obedience to their priests. Spoke with comandante general who shared bishop's goal of saving important province of Sonora from ruin. The two make plans for founding Custodia de San Carlos, rebuilding churches, missionaries' homes and cultivating of lands. Reyes asks that Galvez publish such a mandate to motivate Indians and Spaniards to work and pay administrative fees. Reports of prison being built (materials used included) but other spendings and buildings ordered by king will be lost. Describes Arispe terrain as sterile and without pasture and with little water, wood, and other building materials. In contrast, Vega de Ures is described as very fertile. These two locations along with Banamichi are evaluated as potential capital sites. Specific administrative plans for leaders and governing regulations. Indian drunkenness and spies are mentioned. (J. Hiller, June 1989)

Tax on sales to be used to aid expedition sale of cards (4 real tax) and tobacco; tobacco to be packaged according to provisions. Problems among capitans affecting jurisdiction of governor over the vecinos of their presidios, capitans complain they do not have control of troops to fight enemy invasions, waiting for license to do away with all Indians who do not speak Spanish; Corbalan to Croix regarding prohibition of alcohol, complains that Mescal prohibited and not even found for medicinal use, difficulty aquiring caldos de Castilla, request that some be allowed to produce Mescal; Croix responds that the Mescal factory and use of the drink must be abolished. Pimas described cooperating in robbery with rebel Indians--Corbalan describes their tactics in escaping from troops. Corbalan sends inspection reports on Varios military groups and fiscal affairs of the expedition; lack of funds and currency. Mesia writes Corbalan about his opinion of worth of two companias volantes in Guaymas. Notification of recipients of promotions within companias volantes; discussion of provision of supplies to expedition. Corbalan will publish vandos about establishment of lottery. Corbalan to Croix regarding Alamos treasurer, and treasury instruccion written by Belena; additions to the instruccion provided which concern debtors, control of treasury keys, papel sellado, division of land among employees, collecting tribute, and cost of treasury office supplies. (L. L. Woodward, July 1989)

Stray Indian found on the streets of Mexico one night is taken in to be baptized. After a supposed drunken attack on the Cura, he is taken to prison. Inquiries into his background lead to his identity as that of a desertor of family and post in New Mexico turned Spy. Nothing is proven. (E. Wilson, November 1989)

Letter from Sierragorda to Ursua spouting praise for Santianez, claiming accusations against him (crime unspecified) are unjust. Dispositions by Leon, Ruiz, Alcala, Sierragorda, Santianez. Fragment of unsigned letter (presumably by Santianez) complaining of mistreatment in his arrest. Letter from Sierragorda accusing Indians of fabricating rumors while intoxicated, being untrustworthy. Discusses Indian hostilities that precipitated, accompanied evacuation of San Juan, now interfere with repopulation. List of all residents of San Juan hacienda (wives named also), their positions, relationships, weapons, servants. Gives number of people (120 in 48 families), animals, spare weapons; preparations for defense. Although Indians offer 100 insults during repopulation, Spanish intend to preserve harmony, resume reduccion attempts. Mentions that Noriega is Santianez' Brother. (A. Dean, July, 1989)

Series of documents concerning, indexes; mail delivery to priest; military official deserted; military official under arrest escapes from jail, later turns himself in; permit to recruit Indian auxiliaries; military appointment to despacho Universal de indias; Indians who drank too much are expected to slow down at end of pitahaya crop which is raw material for their wine and drunkennes; several military officials get promoted; O'Conor, Hugo is promoted to brigadier. (J. Marroquin, August 1988)

Concerns Indian arrests; Indians prepare wine from pitahaya. Military official settle down disorder among Indians. (J. Marroquin, August 1988)

Concern index of issues addressed to viceroy by governor of Sonora. Military campaigns against Apaches and other Indian groups. Contracting Indian auxiliaries. Merchants being attacked by Indians. Arrest of Indians for seditious activities and drunkenness. (J. Marroquin, August 1988)

Corbalan states not enough sugar Cane in provinces to make aguardiente. Since Mescal is regional drink, requests permission to make, regulate Mescal instead. Croix refuses request. Warns drunkenness among Indians must be prevented. (T. Sheridan, 1976)

Concerns Denofeant's ability to control Apaches Chiricaguis de Paz and desire for his retirement; his service record included. Mata Binolas given permission to take troops and 30 men from Bacoachi to attack Mal Pais Rancheria of rebels east of fronteras. Discussion of intelligence gained through Indians about rebels. Complaints of Denofeant's refusal to punish Indians keep their respect and suggestion of transfer to Altar; capture of 13 enemy Chiricaguis. (L. L. Woodward, August 1988)