(R. Davis) (1980)

Lengthy document by Garrido y Duran informing Revilla Gigedo on the causa de policia,judicial, economic, and military conditions of Sonora and Sinaloa up to 1790. On judicial Side, it is mentioned that province consists of 11 jurisdictions headed by a jefe de tribunal with the power to appoint local town officials; these officials operate without salary due to lack of funds caused by Apache depredations and poor harvests. Mention that in the recent past Indians were forced to work in mines, haciendas, and Ranchos, and that they were exploited and did not have time to cultivate their own land; now he has prohibited this, and that Indians will work on a voluntary Basis. Discussion that community wealth is administrated by the missionaries, and that they often are more concerned for their own interests allowing community conditions to deteriorate. It is also mentioned a lack of prisons. With respect to causa de policia, it is mentioned that Apache attacks have frightened the population and have prevented increases in commerce, mining, agriculture, and animal husbandry. Mention of lack of civil and administrative office in many towns; there is lack of hospitals, casas de Obraje, schools, and public meat and seeds stores. Mention that people are divided in two groups, one consisting of good people involved in commerce, mining, and agriculture; the other consisting of house servants and Manual laborers, who are drunkards and have other vices. Economics- list of different tax collection offices. Mention of the different partidos as well as the people holding these offices and amount of money payed for such offices. In order to attract more merchants to frontier, no tax is Charged on their goods. With respect to military affairs, it is mentioned that enemy Indians live in dispersed hamlets, lack supreme chief, and operate separately; Indians described as thieves. Mention of 6 military groups of soldiers, and 3 of Indian auxiliaries; short discussion of soldier's living conditions in presidios, as well as expenses involved for maintenance of troops. (J. Tapia, January, 1988)

Documents concerning information given from Garcia to virrey dealing with negotiations of gobernador from Nueva Mexico with the Comanches; relacion signed by the Cura Barraza containing the names of the Indian rebels who receive royal pardon and place they will settle. Relacion contains name of the rebel, where he is from, name of his Father, occupation, age, and rank within the rebel organization. Letter from Romero for Lomban informing him of a campaign against Apaches and deplorable situation of military armaments, some soldiers had to throw stones at Apaches. Romero reports to Lomban a baston that was taken from two dead Apaches and was supposed to belong to an Apache chief; letter from Lomban for virrey explaining that the troops of the north are weak in armaments. (D. Bautista June 1990)

Weekly rolls of Apache families at Bacoachi, listing rations (grain, Panocha, cigars) given to each. Mention of individuals gone to visit Janos, San Miguel. Mention of many Apaches gone on campaign with Bergara. (A. Dean, June, 1989)

Weekly lists of Apache families at Bacoachi (grain, Panocha, cigars) given to each. Note made of Apaches gone to visit Janos, San Miguel, Arispe. In June many Apaches leave for Mescaleros; in July most are on campaign in Cuquiarachi with 'chiricahua captain.' (A. Dean, June, 1989)

Letter explaining that weekly lists of Apaches will help assure that rations are doled out fairly, that those Apaches who are loyal to Spanish are duly rewarded. Also instructs Apache families to build Adobe houses so that when men go on campaign women, children may remain in Pueblo. (A. Dean, June, 1989)

Uranga has spoken with Barrio, Calvo, who want peace. Problems finding competent interpreter to aid negotiations. Calvo says there is good Spanish captain, who has arranged peace with Mezcaleros near Norte. Barrio's band organized to make Mescal, hunt deer while he deals with Uranga. Mention of Calvo's men tracking thieves of oxen from Robledo ranches. Emissaries of virrey sent to negotiate. (A. Dean, March 1989)

Compa established at Janos with small troop of Chiricahuas. Yagonxli, natanfui, other Gilenos in reduccion at Ojos Colorados near Janos. Yagonxli sincerely wants peace, but begs release of his Brother Tagaguechie from chaingang in capital before he will make treaty. Ugarte y Loyola tries to arrange it. Yagonxli, his men on work detail at Janos. Rich exalting nature, death better than humiliation. Also warrior. Letter from Compa to his Father Ugarte y Loyola, part of another page blocking most of content. Draft of letter saying bad idea to make peace with Apaches, preferable to keep trust of Comanches, other tribes who hate Apaches. Suggests capturing all Apaches, shipping adults to Havana. (A. Dean, March 1989)

Tovar sends Ugarte y Loyola a journal of all interactions with Indians at Janos. Describes peace negotiations with Yagonxli, his Father Natanifui, others of their band. Gifts (clothes, maiz, candy, salt, cigars, etcetera) given to all who come to Janos in trade for confidence, cooperation with peace plan. Yagonxli bargains with Tovar for papers to travel to Mimbres. Ugarte y Loyola writes back warning not to get too friendly with Apaches, fears they may incite revolt among other Indians. Draft of letter praising Janos peace with Gilenos, mentions campaign against hostile Indians in Sonora and Nueva Vizcaya. (A. Dean, March 1989)

Letter describing Apache raid on Cienega. Son of Quegocga captured. Mention of war in Chiricahua mountains, Chiricahua troop and fugitives camped at Bacoachi. All of Aysose's followers in reduccion at Bacoachi, also Neya and 25 of his tribe (apparently submitted to this to be reunited with his Brother, captive elsewhere). Pozo imprisoned for trying to rally Chiricahua converts against Spaniards. Mention of Tarahumara delinquents imprisoned in Durango. 100 Tarahumaras in Sonora detachment commanded by Marrufo. Mention of intent to form corps of military, citizens, Indians of pueblos, Gentiles toward effort to destroy Gilenos. (A. Dean, March 1989)