Indians (Mistreatment)

Commander and governor of Provincial Int. General decree

Serial Number
230-00035
Title
Commander and governor of Provincial Int. General decree
Date
07-02-1790
Documentation
Chihuahua, chih. July 2, 1790. Copy. Typescript.
Summary
Legalistic- shows residential restraints the Indians lived under. Good. Tributary races cannot move without proper certificatos. On the frontier no one may move owing to Apache menace. No fees can be Charged for the certificates. Indians cannot remain on haciendas and Ranchos to work indefinitely but must return to their town priests. Indians who do not comply to be arrested as vagrants and given 20 lashes for 1st offense, 40 for second and year of hard labor for 3rd. For others 1st offense is 2 Months, 2nd 4 month and 3rd 10 years military service on frontier. (T.n.) (1975)
Persons
Neve, Felipe de
Galvez, Conde de
Mendez Valdez, Jose
Places
Chihuahua
Arizpe
Internas (Provincias)
First Location
CU-BANC. M-M 0287 v. 1 no. 006
Original Location
CU-BANC. M-M 0287 V. 0001 no. 006
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
4859
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Neve
Galvez
Mendez Valdez
Beginning Date Month
July
Beginning Date (repacked)
07-02-1790
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/16013
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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Fr. Francisco Palou. Carta al padre Rafael Verger. Sobre el alzamiento y relaciones entre los religiosos y el gobierno civil.

Serial Number
230-00025
Title
Fr. Francisco Palou. Carta al padre Rafael Verger. Sobre el alzamiento y relaciones entre los religiosos y el gobierno civil.
Author(s)
Palou, Francisco
Date
08-31-1772
Documentation
Mission of San Joseph Cumundu. August 31, 1772. 20pp. Photo. 26pp. Engl. Transl. Org. Sgnd. Typesc.
Summary
In this Palou reports to Verger on the uprising in great detail. This being the best account among many in the file on this case. He speaks of the autocracy of gov. Don Phelipe Barn at Loreto, and claims that he has taken all power from the mission governors and fiscales, and has encouraged a group of rebels to lead their peoples against the fathers and has removed the Franciscans guard. Uprisings have already occurred at San Xavier, Loreto, and Todos Santos. The gov. Also sent bad reports on the Franciscans, accusing them of the acts of cruelty which he in fact committed. An excellent and highly detailed report on military and religious relations in the missions. Material on aboriginal culture is, however, lacking. (C. Briggs) (1975)
Persons
Palou, Francisco
Verger, Rafael
Estrada, Juan Francisco
Belasquez, Joseph
Verdugo, Joachin
Guerra, Juan
Uson, Ramon (Fray)
Places
San Fernando (Colegio)
Loreto
San Xavier
San Blas
Santa Crux de Mayo
Cumundu (Mision)
First Location
CU-BANC. C-B 840 (Bolton Col.) no. 0091 folder 108
Original Location
CU-BANC. C-B 0840 no. 091 F. 108
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
1547
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Palou
Verger
Estrada
Belasquez
Verdugo
Guerra
Uson
Beginning Date Month
August
Beginning Date (repacked)
08-31-1772
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/16003
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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General Subjects
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Don Velasco. Resumen general de los autos sobre noticias, informes y escritos desde 1688 a 1716 sobre la necesidad de poblar la region entre Texas y la movila, etc.

Serial Number
210-00024
Title
Don Velasco. Resumen general de los autos sobre noticias, informes y escritos desde 1688 a 1716 sobre la necesidad de poblar la region entre Texas y la movila, etc.
Author(s)
Don Velasco
Date
11-30-1716
Documentation
Mexico. November 30, 1716. Copy. Photostat.
Summary
Review of colonization, missionization of Provincia de Texas from time of Alonso de Leon to 1716. Texas, Caodaches Indians described as mas politica in province, sowing many crops. Population of area estimated to be un million. Indian groups between Coahuila and the land of Texas Indians listed (See 201). Texas Indians belief in afterlife briefly described. Missionaries claimes that early soldiers set bad example for Texas Indians, mistreating them and stealing their women. Franciscan missionary efforts delineated. Texas disatisfaction with Spaniards, abandonment of missions in 1693 noted. French trade with Indians mentioned. Texas Indians had 11 pueblos, chocta (choctaw) Indians outside of Movila had 32, Nache Indians had 11. Flora, fauna, agriculture of eastern Texas described, where Indians caultibando la tierra con las quixadas de los benados. Indians live in wooden houses, sleep on raised beds and farm en Comun. Indian enemies of Texas- Apaches, Yojuanes, Cubipanes, Canas- noted. Absence of pulgue, otras bebidas, but presnece of Peyote among Texas Indians mentioned. Province continually described as very fertile. Indian use of wild fruits, walnuts, acorns noted. Lead mines near Texas Indians mentioned. Force of 60 soldiers needed for conquest, colonization of Texas, to be gathered from other presidios of Nueva Vizcaya. Apparently, fiscal doesn't think much of idea. Excellent summary of early Texas history, including Leon, Ramon entradas. (T. Sheridan) (1977)
Persons
Leon, Alonso de (Capitan)
Ramon, Domingo (Capitan)
San Denis, Luis de (French Soldier, Explorer)
Jalou, Medar (French Explorer)
Velasco
Places
Espiritu Santo (Bahia)
Movila (French Settlement)
San Marcos (Rio)
San Francisco de los Texas (Mision)
Rojo (Rio)
San Juan (French Fort)
Coahuila (Provincia)
Casas Grandes (Presidio)
Paso (Presidio)
Nuevo Mexico (Presidio)
Conchos (Presidio)
Gallo (Presidio)
Pasaje (Presidio)
Cerrogordo (Presidio)
Sinaloa (Presidio)
Santa Catharina (Presidio)
San Juan Bautista del Rio Grande (Presidio)
Coahuila (Presidio)
Ethnic Groups
Texas
Franceses
Caodaches
Alasapas
Jacaguintes
Panchagues
Mescales
Apaches
Yojuanes
Cubipanes
Canas
Naches
Chactas
Natchitoches
Yoricas
Chomenes
Sanaques
Sanaianes
Apus
Pantalbes
Paaces
Patcales
Papanacas
Chaguanes
Payavanes
Patabos
Sanpanales
Paquachiamos
Putaays
Manicos
Gerezs
Atajals
Tilpayays
Cabias
Semomanes
Saraguames
Pulacmanes
Asaus
Toaas
Tohos
Emaus
Cabas
Sanpanasus
Apaixames
Manames
Meruanes
Nasonites
Nateaus
Yatas
Nachetoos
Natsoos
Patsanes
Paachiques
Chaguatapas
First Location
TXU, Tex. Hist. Ctr. Arch. S. Fran. El grande 2q248 835 v. 008 pp. 126-163
Original Location
BNM, Mexico, Arch. S. Fran. El Grande
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
4645
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Leon
Ramon
San Denis
Jalou
Beginning Date Month
November
Beginning Date (repacked)
11-30-1716
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15944
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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Fr. Francis Xavier de Faria to viceroy of New Spain. Jesuit apologetica, Sonora and Sinaloa .

Serial Number
160-00001
Title
Fr. Francis Xavier de Faria to viceroy of New Spain. Jesuit apologetica, Sonora and Sinaloa .
Author(s)
Faria, Francis Xavier de (S.J.)
Date
11-00-1657
Documentation
November 1657. Copy.
Summary
Jesuit defense against charges by presidial captains that they accumulated great Sotres grain/livestock, engaged in lucrative trade, built palaces, lived in luxury. Jesuit attack on presidial captains for abusing Indian labor, cheating own soldiers, failing to perform military duties, showing disrespect for missionaries/religion. High praise for captains Hurdaide, Borgansa Quesada. Condemnation present captain. Account civil/religious conflict Sinaloa-Sonora. Brief description agriculture, barter/exchange rates, Jesuit livestock industry, Jesuit commerce with Parral, wild food gathering (acorns, chestnuts, Quelites), Mescal making, mission architecture, settlement patterns, Indian depopulation at hands of Spaniards, Indian migration to mines/ranches outside province. Defense corporal punishment Indians. Religious/economic reasons for reduction program. Description Jesuit generosity to Indians/Spaniards during famines. Reasons why Indians should support missionaries without monetary payment. Description sad state presidial forces-untrained, cheated by captains. Abuses Sinaloa judicial system. (T. Sheridan) (1976)
Persons
Faria, Francis Xavier de (Padre)
Hurdaide, Diego de (Capitan)
Borgansa, Diego de (Capitan)
Quesada, Gaspar de (Capitan)
Places
San Felipe y Santiago
Montesclaros
Rahum
Potam
Sinaloa (Rio)
Parral
First Location
CU-BANC. C-B 840 (Bolton Col.) no. 0269 pp. Transl.
Original Location
BH, Munich.
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
2431
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Faria
Hurdaide
Borgansa
Quesada
Beginning Date (repacked)
1657
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15888
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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Josef de Galvez. Carta sobre condiciones de los indios de las misiones de California.

Serial Number
150-00003
Title
Josef de Galvez. Carta sobre condiciones de los indios de las misiones de California.
Author(s)
Galvez, Josef de
Date
11-19-1768
Documentation
Puerto de la Paz. November 19, 1768. Cpy. Sgnd. Photo.
Summary
Tells of the practice of the missionaries on the peninsula (California), where ^the few grains and fruits that the missions produce^ are sold for gold and silver at the expense of the already poorly fed and clothed Indians employed by them, deploring such action. (C. Briggs) (1975)
Persons
Galvez, Josef de
Places
La Paz
Real Casa de Moneda
First Location
CU-BANC. C-B 840 (Bolton Col.) no. 0067
Original Location
ASB, Santa Barbara, California.
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
1530
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Galvez
Beginning Date Month
November
Beginning Date (repacked)
11-19-1768
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15885
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
Collections
General Subjects
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Nemesio Salcedo. Peticion de indios para tierra y ganado.

Serial Number
100-02026
Title
Nemesio Salcedo. Peticion de indios para tierra y ganado.
Author(s)
Salcedo, Nemesio
Date
08-00-1803
Documentation
Chihuahua. August 1803. 14p. Letter. Peticion. Original. Signed.
Summary
Juan Marcelino Pasqual Rivas, Jose Rafael appear before the commandante general saying that their lands and livestock were embargado after the expulsion of the Jesuits, and that Joachin Gomez, mayordomo, has been using the livestock and lands for his own benefit. They say their pueblos are in ruin, the churches are in disrepair and they are accordingly unprepared to repel any invasion. Fray Jose Maria Garrido of the mission de cero cahui says many of the Indians claims are false, and goes on to document his claims. He says that, knowing Indians as well as he does, they are probably in cahoots with Joachin Gomez. (P. Hayes) (1977)
Persons
Salcedo, Nemesio
Marcelino, Juan
Rivas, Pasqual
Rafael, Jose
Gomez, Joachin (Mayordomo)
Garrido, Jose Maria (Fray)
Places
San Jose de Guiteco
Cerocahui (Mision)
San Miguel de Churus
First Location
AZU Film 0318 rl. 1803 fr. 0324-0331.
Original Location
AP, Parral, Mf. rl. 1803 fr. 0324-0331
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
4093
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Salcedo
Marcelino
Rivas
Rafael
Gomez
Garrido
Beginning Date (repacked)
1803
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15809
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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Rights
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Gobernador intendente Phelipe Diaz de Ortega. Instruccion que de beranguardar las justicias subalternas de esta yntendencia, y govierno.

Serial Number
100-01881
Title
Gobernador intendente Phelipe Diaz de Ortega. Instruccion que de beranguardar las justicias subalternas de esta yntendencia, y govierno.
Author(s)
Diaz de Ortega, Phelipe (Gobernador Intendente)
Date
05-20-1786
Documentation
Durango. May 20, 1786. Original. Signed.
Summary
29 articulos concerning Colonial government, including election, responsibilities of officials, civil procedure, protection/discipline of Indians, encouragement of bee, cotton wheat industries, regulation of irrigation, protection against Vagabonds, bandits, hostile Indians, etc. Excellent overview of responsibilities of Colonial government. (T. Sheridan) (1977)
Persons
Diaz de Ortega, Phelipe (Gobernador Intendente de Nueva Vizcaya)
Places
Durango (Ciudad)
First Location
AZU Film 0318 rl. 1787a fr. 0277-0283.
Original Location
AP, Parral, Mf. rl. 1787a fr. 0277-0283
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
3888
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Diaz de Ortega
Beginning Date Month
May
Beginning Date (repacked)
05-20-1786
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15664
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
Collections
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Alcalde mayor Joseph de Puente y Andrade, et al. Criminal contra Pedro Villalobos por haber maltratado a Vicente Lopez, indio tepehuan, del pueblo de San Pablo.

Serial Number
100-01657
Title
Alcalde mayor Joseph de Puente y Andrade, et al. Criminal contra Pedro Villalobos por haber maltratado a Vicente Lopez, indio tepehuan, del pueblo de San Pablo.
Author(s)
Villalobos, Pedro
Date
05-00-1745
Date
07-00-1745
Documentation
Santa Barbara. May-July, 1745. Original. Signed.
Summary
Tepeguan Indians from Pueblo of San Pablo accuse rancher Pedro Villalobos of attacking them, whipping them, seizing their horses. Villalobos replies that since he suffers much loss of livestock from Ladrones, he assumed Indians, who didn't have permission to be more than two leagues from their Pueblo, were thieves. Example of Colonial legal restrictions on Indians. (T. Sheridan) (1977)
Persons
Villalobos, Pedro de
Puente y Andrade, Joseph de (Alcalde Mayor de Parral)
Lopez, Vicente
Places
Santa Barbara (Villa)
San Pablo (Pueblo)
San Juan (Pueblo)
San Joseph de la Cienega (Jurisdicion)
San Bartholome (Valle)
Ethnic Groups
Tepeguanes
First Location
AZU Film 0318 rl. 1745 fr. 0264-0290.
Original Location
AP, Parral, Mf. rl. 1745 fr. 0264-0290
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
3773
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Villalobos
Puente y Andrade
Lopez
End Date Month
July
Beginning Date (repacked)
1745
End Date (repacked)
07-00-1745
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15440
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
Collections
General Subjects
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Lucas Flores. Complaint of Indian gobernador of San Andres against missionary there.

Serial Number
100-01606
Title
Lucas Flores. Complaint of Indian gobernador of San Andres against missionary there.
Author(s)
Flores, Lucas
Date
12-01-1731
Documentation
San Phelipe. December 1, 1731. Original. Signed.
Summary
Flores relates complaints of Indian gobernador of San Andres against resident missionary, including abuses of Indian labor. (T. Sheridan) (1977)
Persons
Cruz, Nicolas de la (Gobernador de San Andres)
Places
San Andres (Pueblo)
First Location
AZU Film 0318 rl. 1731a fr. 0005-0009.
Original Location
AP, Parral, Mf. rl. 1731a fr. 0005-0009
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
3739
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Cruz
Beginning Date Month
December
Beginning Date (repacked)
12-01-1731
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15389
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
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Alcalde mayor Bartolome Luis Fernandez de Alcorta. Diligencias ejecutadas sobre la fuga del gobernador.

Serial Number
100-01584
Title
Alcalde mayor Bartolome Luis Fernandez de Alcorta. Diligencias ejecutadas sobre la fuga del gobernador.
Author(s)
Fernandez de Alcorta, Bartolome Luis
Date
06-20-1730
Documentation
Coyachi. June 20, 1730. 36p. Original. Signed.
Summary
Testimony given during an investigation of the disappearance of the Indian gobernador of Coyachi, along with several others. The residents say its because of the padre's mistreatment they went to complain to the bishop. The Spaniards say that the governor engineered it all in order to run off with another man's wife. Interesting glimpse into Pueblo society. (R. Perez) (1977)
Persons
Fernandez de Alcorta, Bartolome Luis (Alcalde Mayor)
Cruz, Bartolome de la (Gobernador)
Tatanare, Joseph (Capitan)
Feliz, Gaspar (Indio Bacoregui)
Places
Coyachi
Santa Rosa de Cosiguisiachi (Real)
Chihuahua
Napabechi
Ethnic Groups
Tarahumaras
Bacoreguis
Ladinos
First Location
AZU Film 0318 rl. 1730a fr. 0404-0422.
Original Location
AP, Parral, Mf. rl. 1730a fr. 0404-0422
Language
Spanish
Batch Reference Number
3268
UAIR Filtering Fields
Person Last Name
Fernandez de Alcorta
Cruz
Tatanare
Feliz
Beginning Date Month
June
Beginning Date (repacked)
06-20-1730
Type
Text
UAiR identifier
uadc://masterindex/15367
ISO 369-1 Language code
es
ISO 369-3 Language code
spa
Collections
Rights
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